by Billy Frank Jr.

So-called exempt wells could potentially run our rivers dry. Our rivers are connected to the ground waters and what affects one affects the other.
Under state law, property owners can tap up to 5,000 gallons of groundwater every day and be exempted from getting a permit. There are no limits under current state law for watering livestock, gardens or lawns. The 5,000 gallon limitation applies to home and industrial uses, including irrigation. Pumping more than that takes a permit, unless, of course, youre willing to cheatand unfortunately many do just that. Clean, fresh water is just about as rare and even more valuable than gasoline, and that leads to thievery.
Five thousand gallons may not seem like much. But multiply those individual exemptions by the hundreds of thousands of property owners and millions of new residents in this state and, well, you dont need to be a genius to realize were talking about a lot of water.
When I speak about fish and wildlife, and the need to restore and protect the habitat our fellow creatures need to survive, water is always fundamental in the equation. If our rivers are drawn down to nothing — places like Southern California have shown its possible — there will be little if any fish and wildlife. The quality of life in the Northwest would nose-dive, and people would begin to get pretty thirsty.
So, what can we do to get off the crazy roller coaster of water mismanagement by the state?
The Squaxin Island Tribe recently provided one example. The tribe asked the state to halt the drilling of new wells in the Johns Creek watershed. Summer flows in Johns Creek already are far below the minimum required by the states own rules to protect spawning salmon. Through these many wells, water is withdrawn that would normally flow into the creek. More than 270 new wells have been drilled in the Johns Creek watershed over the past few decades, all legally exempt from state permits.
The actual amount of water taken has never been measured. But, believe me, its significant. Exempting hundreds of thousands of gallons of water every day is mismanagement, plain and simple. Lets face it. The state does not know how much water there is to allocate, let alone how much is exempt from permits.
Whats happening to the water resource in the Johns Creek watershed is not an isolated case. Its happening throughout the state every day.
Its time to push for better water management, and to ensure that water levels in our rivers are adequate to sustain our natural heritage. Whether its by resolution, legislation, public pressure, litigation or negotiated agreement, we have to make substantial changes in the way water is managed.
The Squaxin Island Tribe is filing its resolution under a provision of state law that closes a watershed from future withdrawals if the information available to justify those future withdrawals is inadequate. Basically, the tribe is just asking that the state enforce its own law. What a concept!
The states own water law is based on the premise of first in time, first in use. Is there any question that fish, wildlife and tribes were here first?

Billy Frank Jr. is the chairman of the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission.